What is the definition of circumduction?

Circumduction is defined as a circular movement of a limb that allows it to move in a circular motion around a fixed point, typically involving a sequence of movements in which the distal end of the limb traces a circular path while the proximal end remains relatively stationary. This movement is commonly seen in ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip, allowing for a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

In contrast, linear movement of a limb segment refers to motion in a straight line, while upward movement pertains specifically to raising an arm or leg, focusing on elevation rather than a circular path. A fixed position of a limb segment indicates no movement at all, which does not align with the concept of circumduction. Thus, the circular movement associated with circumduction distinctly sets it apart from these other motion types.