What is “pronation” in the context of orthotic devices?

In the context of orthotic devices, pronation refers to the inward roll of the foot that occurs during normal walking or running. This motion is a natural part of gait, where the foot strikes the ground and the arch lowers, allowing the foot to adapt to uneven surfaces and absorb shock. Understanding pronation is crucial for orthotic fitting, as excessive pronation can lead to various musculoskeletal problems, including shin splints, plantar fasciitis, and knee pain. Therefore, orthotics are often designed to control or support the pronation movement to improve alignment and function during movement activities.

In contrast, the other concepts provided don't accurately describe pronation. The outward roll of the foot relates to supination, while locking of the ankle joint and dorsiflexion pertain to different aspects of foot mechanics and movement. Knowing the precise definition and implications of pronation helps practitioners design more effective orthotic interventions tailored to individual needs.