What best describes a closed kinetic chain?

A closed kinetic chain refers to a movement pattern where the distal segment of the limb is fixed or stationary, allowing for a series of connected joints to work together in coordinated movement. In this setup, forces applied at the distal segment influence the entire kinetic chain, requiring all joints involved to act in a synchronized manner. For example, during activities like squatting or leg presses, the feet remain in contact with the ground, illustrating the fixed nature of the distal segment and how it affects the movements of proximal joints.

This concept is critical in rehabilitation and exercise science because it emphasizes how force and movement propagate through interconnected joints. The closed kinetic chain movements typically engage multiple muscle groups and are often more functional than isolated joint movements, promoting stability and joint integrity. This quality makes closed kinetic chain exercises essential for strength building and injury prevention, especially in orthotic fitting where stability and alignment are key considerations.